All About the Yuan Dynasty

The Yuan Dynasty was the ethnic-Mongolian dynasty that ruled China from 1279 to 1368 and founded in 1271 by Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan. The Yuan Dynasty was preceded by the Song Dynasty from 960 to 1279 and followed by the Ming  which lasted from 1368 to 1644. Yuan China was considered the most important piece of the vast Mongol Empire, which stretched as far west as Poland and Hungary and from Russia in the north to  Syria  in the south. The Yuan Chinese Emperors were also the Great Khans of the Mongol Empire, controlling the Mongol homeland and had authority over the khans of the Golden Horde, the Ilkhanate and the Chagatai Khanate. Khans and Traditions A total of ten Mongol khans ruled China in the Yuan period, and they created a unique culture that was an amalgam of Mongolian and Chinese customs and statecraft. Unlike other foreign dynasties in China, such as ethnic-Jurchen Jin from 1115 to 1234 or the later ethnic-Manchu rulers of the Qing  from 1644 to 1911, the Yuan did not become very Sinicized during their rule. Yuan emperors initially did not hire the traditional Confucian scholar-gentry as their advisors, although later emperors began to rely increasingly upon this educated elite and the civil service exam system. The Mongol court continued many of its own traditions: the emperor moved from capital to capital with the seasons in a rather nomadic fashion, hunting was a major pastime for all of the nobility, and women in the Yuan court had much more authority within the family and in matters of state than their Chinese female subjects could have even imagined having. Initially, Kublai Khan distributed large tracts of land in northern China to his generals and court officials, many of whom sought to drive out the farmers living there and convert the land into pasture. In addition, under Mongol law, anyone who stayed on land that was distributed to a lord became a slave of the new owner, regardless of their social status within their own culture. However, the emperor soon realized that the land was worth much more with tax-paying farmers working on it, so he confiscated the Mongol lords holdings back again and encouraged his Chinese subjects to return to their towns and fields. Economic Problems and Projects The Yuan emperors needed regular and reliable tax collection in order to fund their projects around China. For example, in 1256, Kublai Khan built a new capital city at Shangdu and eight years later he built a second new capital at Dadu — now called Beijing. Shangdu became the Mongols summer capital, located nearer the Mongol homelands, while Dadu served as the primary capital.  The Venetian trader and traveler Marco Polo stayed in Shangdu during his residence in Kublai Khans court and his stories inspired western legends about the wondrous city of Xanadu. The Mongols also rehabilitated the Grand Canal, parts of which dated back to the 5th century BCE and the majority of which was built during the Sui Dynasty from 581 to 618 CE. The canal — the longest in the world — had fallen into disrepair due to warfare and silting over the past century. Fall and Impact Under the Yuan, the Grand Canal was extended to link Beijing directly with Hangzhou, cutting 700 kilometers from the length of that journey — however, as Mongol rule began to fail in China, the canal once again deteriorated. Within less than 100 years, the Yuan Dynasty tottered and fell from power under the weight of crushing droughts, floods, and widespread famine. The Chinese began to believe that their foreign overlords had lost the Mandate of Heaven as unpredictable weather brought waves of misery to the populace.   The Red Turban Rebellion  of 1351 to 1368 spread throughout the countryside. This, paired with the spread of the bubonic plague and further dampening of Mongol power eventually brought an end to Mongol rule in 1368. In their place, the ethnic-Han Chinese leader of the rebellion, Zhu Yuanzhang, founded a new dynasty called the Ming.

William Shakespeare s Hamlet - 982 Words

William Shakespeare is known as the greatest writer in the English language. We don’t know much about this guy, but we know he had to be smart to write some poems and plays. With a deep understanding of human nature, he knows how to get all types of audiences to come to his plays more than once and also with other little things that we know helps us understand them more. To this day we still have people that read his plays and learn more and more things about them and his writings still have a big impact on us today. In the play â€Å"Hamlet† by William Shakespeare there are 3 messages from hamlet says a silique to be or not to be. In the play â€Å"Hamlet† by Shakespeare hamlet is thinking about his life and if we still wants to live or not. With everything that have happened to him and his family is so messed up that he is thinking about killing himself. He has gone through a death of his father, a new dad which was his uncle, and the ghost of his dad telling him that this new dad killed him. These are some of the reasons why he said this famous line â€Å"To be, or not to be, that is the question† (line 63 act 3 scene 1 â€Å"Hamlet†) and in this line it’s basically saying to die or not to die. Most people don’t really know what this means they just know that it’s a famous line. Back in the day and even today christens frown on people who commit suicide and so I think that is one reason he didn’t kill himself but also to get revenge on his step dad for killing his real dad. One thing thatShow MoreRelatedHamlet : William Shakespeare s Hamlet1259 Words   |  6 PagesOmar Sancho Professor Christopher Cook English 201-0810 Hamlet Paper 23 May 2016 Hamlet Character Analysis â€Å"There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so.†(Act 2, Scene 2, 239-251) Hamlet by William Shakespeare is one of the most famous plays written that conveys a multitude theme. But most predominant is the presence of Hamlet s obsession with philosophy of life, throughout the play Hamlet philosophy reviles his point of view love, loyalty, the importance of family and friendsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet - Hamlet1160 Words   |  5 PagesPart 1: Hamlet Word Count: 1000 In what ways does Shakespeare s Hamlet explore the human mind? The play Hamlet written by William Shakespeare, is seen to be an exploration of the human mind and shows the consequences our actions have when they are acted in pure impulse and emotion instead of being thought about. The character Hamlet makes majority of his decision in the heat of the moment, but had trouble deciding which action to take after intense consideration. The actions that Hamlet doesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesTo be, or not to be; that s the question† (Act III, Scene 1, P.1127) is of the most widely circulated lines. As we all know, it is also the most important part of the drama, â€Å"Hamlet†, which is one of the most famous tragedy in the literature written by William Shakespeare between from 1599 to1602. The drama was written at the age of Renaissance that reflects the reality of the British society in sixteenth century to early seventeenth century. During that period, Britain was in the era of reverseRead Mor eWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1265 Words   |  6 PagesWe have all been guilty at some point in our lives of trying to act like a conflict we ve had has not existed or been a problem at all. In William Shakespeare s Hamlet we are bombarded with characters that are avoiding conflict by acting like they don t exist. Although majority of my classmates felt Hamlet was a play about revenge, I believe Shakespeare is addressing the issue of chaos and how it cannot be rectified by conjuring up a false reality; it only pushes the conflict into further disarrayRead MoreHamlet By William Shakespeare s Hamlet1936 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeare s, Hamlet, written in the seventeenth century and first performed in 1602, is still a complex and intriguing play that encompasses many Jungian archetypes in relation to the setting and characters. This play was approximately four centuries old before Shakespeare reworked it for the stage. Hamlet is based on events involving the death of th e King of Denmark according to the Norse legends. This paper deals with a small portion of the entirety of the events in Hamlet. ScholarsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1077 Words   |  5 Pagessuch as William Shakespeare have 4dictated their works in a way that allows for them to integrate common occurrences of new psychological findings into a text, giving them an opportunity to sculpt characters that differentiate themselves from one another. Psychoanalytical Criticism is the application of psychological studies incorporated into the findings of contemporary literature, principles founded by Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan are most commonly referred to in these texts. Hamlet is an identityRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1130 Words   |  5 PagesHoratio and Hamlet that demonstrate how he changes from the beginning to the end of the play. In the epic tragedy Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, Prince Hamlet is trapped in a world of evil that is not his fault. Hamlet’s demeanor and attitude fluctuate over the course of the play. While Hamlet means well and is portrayed to be very sensitive and moral, at times he can appear to be overruled by the madness and darkness from the tragedy of his father s murder. His dealings with his dad s ghostlyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1116 Words   |  5 PagesTeresa Fang Professor Moore Humanities 310 28 October 2015 To Seek Revenge or to Wait? Hamlet is a very enigmatic fellow. In Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the theme of revenge is presented as a controversial one. Before the play was set, Prince Hamlet’s uncle and new stepfather, King Claudius, had taken part in the assassination of his brother, old King Hamlet. Old King Hamlet died without a chance to receive forgiveness for his sins. As a result, his spirit is condemned to walk the earthRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1163 Words   |  5 Pages William Shakespeare was a great author, who was able to break the cast of a one-dimensional character. In his play, Hamlet, which was set in the middle ages of Denmark, he was able to represent all of the protagonist’s, Hamlet, human intricacies, creating a round character. Hamlet’s character is fascinating, due to him being complicated. He himself insists that he has many cognitive and logical characteristics in Act I, Scene II. We are shown this when he tells the Queen, â€Å"Seems , madam? NayRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 2273 Words   |  10 Pages William Shakespeare was an English playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world s pre-eminent dramatist. Shakespeare is perhaps most famous for his tragedies. Most of his tragedies were written in a seven-year period between 1601 and 1608. One of these tragedies is his famous play Hamlet. The age of Shakespeare was a great time in English history. The reign of Queen Elizabeth saw England emerge as the leading naval and commercial power of the

Application of Problem Solving Process in Real-Life Problems

Question: Describe about the Application of Problem Solving Process in Real-Life Problems. Answer: Application of Problem Solving Process in Real-Life Problems One of the problems solving techniques that can be employed in working out mathematical problems is Polya Method. The method has five fundamental steps that when accurately followed, can solve mathematical problems that appear complex (Polya, 2014). The steps involved in the Polya Method include Understand the Problem: this entails analyzing the problem by splitting it into simpler parts and solving the problem in parts instead of solving it wholly. The device the necessary plan: this involves planning how to solve the problem by devising an equation, pattern, or table to make the problem less complex. Carry out the plan to solve the problem: this involves the implementation of the plans devised to solve the problem. Look Back: this involves reflecting on the steps employed in solving the problem. The four steps are summarized in the illustration below (Yuan, 2013). Figure 1Polya Method of solving a problem Application of the Polya Method in solving a real life problem A father is nine times his sons age now. In three years from now, the father will be five times the age of the son. Determine the age of the father. Understand the Problem The age of the son is unknown, therefore; it is assigned a value . If the age of the son = , then the age of the father = 9 Device the necessary plan To solve the problem, an equation that involves the unknown variables is used to make it a mathematical problem. In three years from now, the age of the son will be the current age + 3 Meaning, sons age = + 3 While the fathers age = 9 + 3 However, the fathers age will be five times that of the son in three years from now. Therefore, 5( + 3) = 9 + 3 Carryout the plan to solve the problem Solving for the unknown in the equation, 5( + 3) = 9 + 3 = 3 Look Back From the solution the fathers age is 9 = 3*9 = 27 years old References Yuan, S. (2013). Incorporating Plyas Problem Solving Method in Remedial Math.Journal of Humanistic Mathematics,3(1), 96-107. Polya, G. (2014).How to solve it: A new aspect of mathematical method. Princeton university press.

Mental Health Issues at Different Stages-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Describe the Presentation of Mental Health Issues at Different Stages of the Lifespan. 2.Describe the Impact Of Mental Health Addiction Issues On Human Development. Answers: Introduction: The understandings of the development of our mental health procedures across the lifespan of the human being are largely dependent on the knowledge of mental healthcare and the development of the mental disorders. The unfortunate part is that the individuals are not aware of the several etiology of the mental illness. However, the several mental health programs that are coordinated all over the globe are beneficial for awaking the people about the several mental problems throughout their lives. The report gives an understanding of presentation of mental illness in different stages of human life discussed the ultimate impact of natural support of affected person. It also gives understanding regarding the impact of mental issue on human development. 1.Presentation of mental health issues at different stages of life span Infancy (0-4 years) The experiences in the years of childhood are main pillars that lay the foundations of the health care of the individual in their future years. Signs and symptoms of mental health problems can be evident very early in life, although, before the ages of 3 or 4 years, risk factors for mental health problems and mental disorders, rather than actual manifestations of disorder, are more likely to be evident. Mental illness in young children are very rare. Two very rare mental disorder in children includes feeding disorder and autism. Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder, which results in social, communication and behavioral challenges. The early signs of autism in infants may include delay in basic areas of development such as talking, playing and interacting. Common issues in infants include difficulty in verbal and non-verbal communication, relating to the world and thinking (Jones et al, 2014). On the other hand, Feeding disorder results in poor development and independ ent functioning. The impact of this condition is directly felt on parents when their child cannot grow and develop normally resulting in great stress for them (Fisher et al., 2014). Child (4-12 years) Presentation of mental health issue in childhood has been a growing concern as it threatens mental health during adolescence and adulthood too. Around 20% of children and adolescents are affected by mental health disorders. Half of the mental disorder initiates before the age of 13 years. In childhood, mental health issues initiates with anxiety before proceeding to adolescent depression (Child and adolescent mental health, 2017). The most common disorder seen at this stage of human life includes anxiety disorder, mood disorder, conduct disorder and attention deficit disorder. Children with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tend to day dream and pay less attention to class activities and other task. Their work is very disorganized and they face extreme difficulty in staying focussed. They struggle to control compulsive behavior (Barkley, 2013). According to the CDC report, about 11 of children between 4-17 years have been diagnosed with ADHD in 2011 (ADHD Estimates Rise , 2017). Another common problem seen in this group includes mood disorder About 3% of children are affected by depression and the occurrence of this condition increases in children who are exposed to family and contextual risk factors. Family risk factor might include parental depression and family stressors like poverty, homelessness, marital conflict and loss of job in parents. Children affected by mood disorder have poor concentration, decreased engagement in activities, poor social relationship and irritability (Mash Barkley, 2014). Many aspects of a persons life is affected by ADHD. The most significant impact is seen in educational attainment of children. School based problems like poor academic performance becomes common in children as various impairment associated with the disease results in limited reading, writing and comprehension skill in children. Children with ADHD are prone to hyperactivity, aggression and impulsivity which less severe at the age of 4-12 years, however when they reach adulthoods, they experience continued functional impairment and develop significant problems. Poor and restricted participation is also seen in people affected by ADHD (Seblany et al., 2014). On the other hand, the impact of the illness is also seen on families when they have to bear with behavioral and developmental disturbances in their children. Family functioning and family dynamic is affected and the financial burden of families increases due to the cost involved in treatment. Siblings are also affected as they feel victimized by episodes of physical violence and aggression in home (Schei et al., 2016). Hence, increase in stressful situation within family environment due to ADHD results in high risk of physical and mental health issues both in adults and children. Similarly, difficulty is also faced by family members whose children are affected by mood disorder. Adolescent (13-18 years) Psychosocial disorder has become common in young people between the age of 13-18 years. All the incidence of adult-type mental disorder like psychosis and mood and anxiety disorder mostly originate by 18 years. Depression, anxiety and behavioral disorder, substance abuse is most prevalent in adolescence in New Zealand. The twelve months prevalence of any disorder was maximum in age group of 16-24 years and it gradually decreased while processing through the age of 25-44, 45-64 and 65 and above years (Depression in young people, 2017). The presence of both anxiety and depression results in comorbidities like substance abuse disorder. This habit is mainly developed in adolescents due to the quest for experimentation with the drugs. This practice is often associated with multiple substance abuse. For example, two-third of children who uses Marijuana in childhood were also found to be alcohol dependent in New Zealand. The ultimate impact of anxiety and depression is that it results in impaired functioning, emotional distress, poor health and risk of suicide in young children. For this reason, one-fifth of total suicides cases in New Zealand is seen between age group of 15-24 years. Even when they get treatment for disorder, the risk of recurrence in adulthood is high (Depression in young people, 2017). Many factors might be contributing to depression in children such physical, genetic or environmental factor. Common risk factor for depression includes bullying experience in school, loss of loved ones, low self-esteem, chronic illness, physical abuse or childhood trauma (Cummings, Caporino, Kendall, 2014). On personal level, depression experiences contributes to the development of depression and behavioral disorder in children. The long term impact of this is feelings of low self-esteem, self-harming behavior, poor academic performance, challenges in family and social relationship and substance abuse in affected person. At young stage, engagement in risky behavior is seen and in adulthood, this translates to low income level high divorce rate and suicide in people (Verboom et al., 2014). The issue of mental illness in young children has dramatic impact on family members and friends too as they feel helpless because of the inability to control their childs behavior. The main concern is related to how they will cope with peers, schoolwork and other competitions in life. In case of children with self-harming behavior, natural support group mostly have the fear that their children might end their lives (Ray et al., 2017). Adult (19-64 years) Schizophrenia and post-traumatic stress disorder are the two mental illness found in adults. Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder associated with impaired thinking process and emotional responsiveness. People with schizophrenia are mostly found to have symptoms of delusions, hallucination and irrational thought pattern. The condition is treated mostly with antipsychotic medications and psychosocial therapies. Although, this mental disorder is not very common among adults, however it can develop into a serious and chronic mental illness. New cases of schizophrenia mostly appear in early adulthood and very rarely seen in children and older adults. The peak age of vulnerability includes age group of 16-25 years (WHO | Schizophrenia, 2017).On the other hand, Post traumatic stress disorder in adults results in emotional and sleeping difficulties, anger, irritation and depression when they witness traumatic events in life. People struggles with recurrent and distressing memories, whi ch affect their health and well-being (Morina et al., 2014). Diagnosis of schizophrenia significantly affects quality of life of affected person. Adults with the condition mostly lack desire to engage in social relationship. They have blunted feelings and emotion with no desire to accomplish any goal in life. All these factors lead to difficulty in holding jobs, performing daily life activities and forming good social relationship. In case of families whose members are affected by schizophrenia, it creates many distressing and disruptive situations on a daily basis (Kuipers et al., 2014). Family members struggle in coping with the symptoms of dementia in their loved ones. The impact on family is also exacerbated when people deny their illness and do seek appropriate medical attention. This recognition of illness among family members is important because unless they do so, they cannot comply with medication. The long-term impact of untreated dementia is seen in the form of unemployment, drug abuse, physical health deterioration, homelessness an d violence among people (The Effect on Families - Schizophrenia Research Institute, 2017).As posttraumatic stress disorder is also associated with self-destructive behavior, exaggerated response and problem in concentration, distressing situation is created for family member and affected person faced difficulty in acquiring jobs and sustaining relationship (Morina et al., 2014). Older person (65 years plus) Dementia and depression are common among elderly people above 65 years of age. Dementia is a mental disorder resulting in impaired memory, thinking and behavior. About 47.5 million people are living with dementia worldwide. On the other hand, depression is common among elderly people, which impairs their daily functioning in life. There might be many reasons for depression such as frailty due to ageing, lack of family attention, social isolation and little work life responsibilities (Mental health and older adults, 2017).Therefore, the perception of poor health and poor functioning increases in older adults. Dementia and depression are chronic conditions that have many social and economic implications for family members. Physical, emotional and economic pressures of families are increased and they experience great distress. Physical and psychological health of family members are also affected by personal support networks of elderly people with dementia and depression (Kasper et al., 2015). 2.Impact of mental health and addiction issues on human development: Tangata whaiora is the term used for consumers in New Zealand who seek mental health services. The two tangata whaiora selected for this paper are (Gleeson et al., 2007): Pete, 17 year old Maaori male, suffering from alcohol addiction problem. His referral was activated after withdrawing from alcohol. He has history of parental separation and had to support his father with his ongoing drug and alcohol dependence. He has little support from his family. He has poor physical health and academic achievement. Aroha, 21 year old Maaori female, diagnosed with psychosis. She has past history of drug abuse and was arrested several times for selling illicit substance. She also has family history of mental illness. Impact on Pete Pete undergoes frequent mood swings and impaired judgment- Heavy drinking in adolescence have deleterious effect on neurocognition. It decreases attention, executive functioning and speed of information processing. Pete is adolescent, this stage is the transition between the childhood and adulthood. This stage is represented by significant changes in hormones and formation of new networks in brain (Jacobus Tapert, 2013). According to Herrenkohl et al (2013) alcohol dependent adolescents when compared to the healthy control have less (10%) verbal and nonverbal information. The former have poor academic achievement due to reduced attention. They therefore lack language competence. The same was the case of Pete. Adolescents show abnormalities in brain response on cognitive tasks which measures spatial working memory. In addition, he failed to utilize broad range of learning and knowledge. This may related to the poor academic achievement. As per Palmer et al. (2013), people aged betwee n 18-25 years with heavy drinking habits have decreased prefrontal and parietal regions. In addition, alcohol addiction also leads to decrease or poorer white matter integrity. White matter integrity is important for efficient transfer of information in brain. These differences in functional brain activity in people adolescents with alcohol addiction may be associated with metabolic changes to some extent (Gautam et al. 2014). According to the study executed by Squeglia et al. (2014) learning impairment in adolescents due to alcohol have greater difficulty remembering the geometrical designs. It is also the common alcohol withdrawal symptoms and is indicative of heavy drinking pattern. Frequent mood swings in alcohol addiction adolescents are associated with emotional problem. Anxiety and depression are masked by alcohol abuse is contributor of psychological distress that effects education and concentration (Jacobus Tapert, 2013).Pete has poor physical health and social isolation- At the time of referral, he was physically weak with disheveled appearance. He had increased sleep and preferred staying at home. His responses were delayed to verbal prompts. He had disorganized thoughts and actions. His physical weakness kept him away from participating in sports and socialization. According to Best et al. (2016) social isolation is common in most cases of binge drinking among adolescents. The common reason for this behavior is lack of energy, history of child abuse and parental separation. Due to lack of energy an adolescent may fail to compete in sportive events or physical; activity such as exercise. Hence, these adolescents do not strengthen muscles of bones. The lack of competitive spirit and zeal to win is significantly low. It is due to social isolation and low self-esteem and confidence (Herrenkohl et al., 2013). As per the literature, the impact on physical health in case of Pete may also be due to similar reasons. Pete too had parental separation and it was difficult for him to cope with his studies supporting his father. He was not in good terms with his step-father and other new relations in his family. These experiences kept him stressed and lonely in his childhood. These experiences led to limited friends as he mostly stayed at home. Therefore, he gained little success at schools. At home, he had limited supported from his grandparents. His mom stayed outdoors due to busy working schedule. This led to overall tension and disconnection with his family members. Therefore, he had paid little attention to his personal hygiene, food and nutrition. It may be the cause of his poor physical development (Herrenkohl et al., 2013). At the time of referral he was most restricted to his bedroom. He does not appear to connect with his culture and life sustaining principle of Maori. It was also found in the case of Pete that had limited life principles and ethos. According to Jacobus Tapert (2013)) adolescents with early onset of alcohol drinking have poor being and sense of self that make them less interested about their physical appearances. It may be related to the poor physical appearance of Pete at the time of referral. Poor hygiene is the other major cause of frequent illness, which is also evident from the case history of Pete. Inadequate sleeping leads to stress and low energy level which further increases the risk of the social problems. It may include risky sex, sexual assault and risk of sexually transmitted disease (Herrenkohl et al., 2013). Impact on Aroha Aroha suffers from hallucinations- she experiences somatic delusions such as having a broken ankles or stomach upsets. However, her medical history and X ray reports of no such abnormality. Her problem of hallucinations prevents her from functioning effectively in activities of daily living. She experiences auditory hallucinations which keeps her mainly restricted to her home. She exhibits suicidality and self-harm behavior. According to her parents, she was previously found attempting to hang herself and cut her wrist. According to Volkow et al. (2016), adults with drug addiction and psychosis experience paranoid thoughts and frequent admissions to hospital. It is the devastating effect of drug abuse that cause alterations in function neurotransmitter. Drugs have rewarding function due to release of neurotransmitters in brain such as dopamine, which gives immense pleasure. Consequently, it hampers the intellectual development and the ability of an individual to feel satisfied from l ife (Kwan et al., 2014). It can be related to the attempts of suicide in case of Aroha and it is evident from the case study that she lacks interest in her life. Therefore, Aroha does not pursue any activities that are normal at her age. She rarely takes household responsibility or that of her academics. Her hallucinations prevent her from being in present state of mind. Aroha lacks goal directed behavior- Adults of this age engage in rational thinking, social interactions and are goal directed. In case of Aroha she seems to have lost contact with reality therefore, she does not have normal human development at this age. According to Muench et al. (2014) drug abuse and psychosis is commonly associated with alterations in perceptions and difficult concentrating. It can be related to the lack of determination and goal directed behavior of Aroha. It is due to difficult concentration, feeling of suspicion, obsessive thinking and distorted perception that makes it difficult for such individual stay determined or focused (Brust, 2014). They thus lose huge opportunities and end up having failure in life. In case of Aroha, she has no career planning or professional role to play. She has transient living and cultural disconnection unlike her friends who have fulfilled life and are career oriented. Therefore, she has developed poor relationships with her famil y members and also her friends. Her loneliness has made her vulnerable to illicit drug use in addition to her family history of mental illnesses. Conclusion The paper has presented the mental health issues at different stages of life span. Followed this a description of the impact of the mental health issues on the tangata whaiora and their natural support at each of the life span is clearly provided. The paper has clearly described the impact of mental health and addiction issues on human development. A total of four impact were presented for two tangata whai ora. It can be concluded that early detection and treatment is necessary for people at any age to overcome their mental health issues. When compared to young adults the teenagers cannot be expected to understand the full range of consequences of their choice related to addictions due to different stages of brain development. However, in both cases the support services must include the family members for faster and full recovery and retain normal human development in other stages of lifespan. References ADHD Estimates Rise. (2017).Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 18 June 2017, from https://www.cdc.gov/media/dpk/child-development/adhd-estimates/dpk-adhd-estimates-rise.html Barkley, R. A. (2013). Distinguishing sluggish cognitive tempo from ADHD in children and adolescents: executive functioning, impairment, and comorbidity.Journal of Clinical Child Adolescent Psychology,42(2), 161-173. Best, D., Beckwith, M., Haslam, C., Alexander Haslam, S., Jetten, J., Mawson, E., Lubman, D. I. (2016). Overcoming alcohol and other drug addiction as a process of social identity transition: The Social Identity Model of Recovery (SIMOR). Addiction Research Theory, 24(2), 111-123. Brust, J. C. (2014). Neurologic complications of illicit drug abuse. CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology, 20(3, Neurology of Systemic Disease), 642-656. Child and adolescent mental health. (2017).World Health Organization. Retrieved 18 June 2017, from https://www.who.int/mental_health/maternal-child/child_adolescent/en/ Cummings, C. M., Caporino, N. E., Kendall, P. C. (2014). Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: 20 years after.Psychological bulletin,140(3), 816. Depression in young people. (2017).www.bpac.org.. Retrieved 17 June 2017, from https://www.bpac.org.nz/BPJ/2010/January/docs/bpjse_young_depression.pdf Fisher, M. M., Rosen, D. S., Ornstein, R. M., Mammel, K. A., Katzman, D. K., Rome, E. S., ... Walsh, B. T. (2014). Characteristics of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in children and adolescents: a new disorder in DSM-5.Journal of Adolescent Health,55(1), 49-52. Gautam, P., Nuez, S. C., Narr, K. L., Kan, E. C., Sowell, E. R. (2014). Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the development of white matter volume and change in executive function. NeuroImage: Clinical, 5, 19-27. Gleeson, J. F., Killackey, E., Krstev, H. (Eds.). (2007). Psychotherapies for the psychoses: Theoretical, cultural and clinical integration. Routledge. Herrenkohl, T. I., Hong, S., Klika, J. B., Herrenkohl, R. C., Russo, M. J. (2013). Developmental impacts of child abuse and neglect related to adult mental health, substance use, and physical health. Journal of family violence, 28(2), 191-199. Jacobus, J., Tapert, S. F. (2013). Neurotoxic effects of alcohol in adolescence. Annual review of clinical psychology, 9, 703-721. Jones, E. J., Gliga, T., Bedford, R., Charman, T., Johnson, M. H. (2014). 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The Biosphere Essays - Superorganisms, Biological Systems

The Biosphere The Biosphere: The biosphere is part of the earth in which life exists. It is 20 km thick from the bottom of the ocean to the lower atmosphere. It consists of three layers: the lithosphere, which is the land on the surface of the earth; the hydrosphere, which comprises of the water on the earth as well as water vapor in the air; and the atmosphere, which is made up of the air that surrounds the earth. The living organisms in the biosphere interact and affect each other in many ways. This is called a biotic factor. Similarly, there are non-living elements that have an effect on living organisms, these are considered abiotic factors. Examples of abiotic factors are air, temperature, water, soil, light, and minerals. In a biosphere, organisms live in special groupings. For instance, a population consists of all individuals of a species living in a general area. A community is a population located in a certain area living among different species. An ecosystem is yet a larger conglomeration of a population, a community, and abiotic factors. Ecosystems can be aquatic or terrestrial. The earth's aquatic ecosystem makes up about 75% of the earth's surface. This aquatic environment is divided into marine and freshwater environments. The earth's terrestrial ecosystem is mainly made up of forests and deserts, which make up for 25% of the earth's surface. The role or function of an organism in a community is that organism's niche. An organism's niche is an area picked by that organism based on physical factors such as temperature, light, oxygen and carbon dioxide content and biological factors such as food, competition for

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How Economists Use Total Factor Productivity Conceptually, total factor productivity refers to how efficiently and intensely inputs are used in the production process.  Total factor productivity (TFP) is sometimes referred to as multi-factor productivity, and, under certain assumptions, can be thought of as a measure of level of technology or knowledge. Formula for TFP Given the macro model: Yt ZtF(Kt,Lt), Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is defined to be Yt/F(Kt,Lt) Likewise, given Yt ZtF(Kt,Lt,Et,Mt), TFP is Yt/F(Kt,Lt,Et,Mt) The Solow residual is a measure of TFP. TFP presumably changes over time. There is disagreement in the literature over the question of whether the Solow residual measures technology shocks. Efforts to change the inputs, like Kt, to adjust for utilization rate and so forth, have the effect of changing the Solow residual and thus the measure of TFP. But the idea of TFP is well defined for each model of this kind. TFP is not necessarily a measure of technology since the TFP could be a function of other things like military spending, or monetary shocks, or the political party in power. Growth in total-factor productivity (TFP) represents output growth not accounted for by the growth in inputs. - Hornstein and Krusell (1996). Effects on TFP Disease, crime, and computer viruses have small negative effects on TFP using almost any measure of K and L, although with absolutely perfect measures of K and L they might disappear. Reason: crime, disease, and computer viruses make people AT WORK less productive.

The Banjo Lesson Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Banjo Lesson - Term Paper Example Eakins brought new painting methods such as carrying out studies of live models, overt discussion of male and female anatomy as well as dissections and bisections of cadavers to enable further comprehension and familiarity of the human body. Consequently, the ideologies of Eakins had tremendous impact on Tanner, who proved to be among Eakins’ favorite artists, thus, two years after Tanner’s departure from the academy, Eakins had to paint his portrait as an honor. During the entire period that Tanner was in the Academy, he secured thorough anatomy knowledge and was able to apply his comprehension of the weighty human figure structure to painting. Later on during the First World War, Tanner worked for the Public Information Department in the Red Cross and was able to paint real life images from the war. The Painting The Banjo Lesson was painted by Henry Ossawa Tanner in 1893 when he returned to visit Philadelphia in the United States from his newly found home in France. I n this painting, an elderly man is engrossed in teaching one who is assumed to be his grandchild the lessons of playing banjo. When given a first glance, one may not notice how tanner explored very important painting themes. In the culture of America, black community was highly regarded as a group of entertainers, and similarly, the painting of the black elderly man teaching how to play Banjo is seen in all the 19th century American art (Linn). This implies that the banjo instrument was closely associated with the black community. However, such paintings are always reduced and portrayed as minstrel type. In this regard, Tanner strives to work against the highly regarded stereotype by giving a much sensitive interpretation through his painting. The two protagonists in the painting portray a very important aspect in human life known as specific time of human interaction. Both the teacher and the learner are intimately attached on the important task right in front of them. The two are oblivious of the rest of the world around them, thus magnifying the sense of actual contact and meaningful cooperation. The painting portrays a real world and contact, ultimately achieving the most important ideology of Tanner of human quality exploration, through a masterful painting. Tanner successfully employed the difficult task of merging two different and varying sources of light. For instance, a natural white-blue light glow from outside comes in from the left side, while from the right, enters a warm light from the fireplace. The illumination of the picture is achieved where the two sources of light meet. Analysts have interpreted this aspect to imply Tanner’s personal transition between his American past and his new home in France. Tanner is considered to be amongst the most talented and highly esteemed African American painters. This is wholly attributed to his hard work in making painting a reality, since his painting mostly relied upon depicting accurate form of h uman nature as well as the natural surroundings. Throughout his entire life, he was fully devoted to carrying out studies of the world that he was living in, and most importantly, the actual people he encountered face to face. For instance, Linn asserts that the popularity as well as the importance of The Banjo Lesson was as a result of searching for post Civil Rights symbols of the African American heritage